[1]杨月,于天强,陈煜初.抗菌药物致药疹住院患者93例分析[J].中国皮肤性病学杂志,2020,(11):1267-1271.[doi:10.13735/j.cjdv.1001-7089.201912062]
　YANG Yue,YU Tianqiang,CHEN Yuchu.An Analysis on 93 Cases of Hospitalized Drug Eruption Caused by Antibacterial Drugs[J].The Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology,2020,(11):1267-1271.[doi:10.13735/j.cjdv.1001-7089.201912062]
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抗菌药物致药疹住院患者93例分析()
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《中国皮肤性病学杂志》[ISSN:1001-7089/CN:61-1197/R]

卷:
期数:
2020年11期
页码:
1267-1271
栏目:
临床经验
出版日期:
2020-11-01

文章信息/Info

Title:
An Analysis on 93 Cases of Hospitalized Drug Eruption Caused by Antibacterial Drugs
文章编号:
1001-7089(2020)11-1267-05
作者:
杨月; 于天强; 陈煜初
大连市皮肤病医院,辽宁 大连 116021
Author(s):
YANG Yue; YU Tianqiang; CHEN Yuchu
Dalian Dermatosis Hospital,Dalian 116021,China
关键词:
抗菌药物;  药疹;  住院患者;  糖皮质激素;  回顾性分析
Keywords:
Antibacterial drug;  Drug eruption;  Hospitalized patient;  Glucocorticoid;  Retrospective analysis
分类号:
R 758.25
DOI:
10.13735/j.cjdv.1001-7089.201912062
文献标志码:
B
摘要:
目的 探讨抗菌药物致药疹住院患者的群体特征、临床特点、治疗费用及转归情况。方法 收集2015年1月-2018年1月大连市皮肤病医院93例抗菌药物致药疹住院患者的临床资料,对其基本信息、药疹特点、治疗转归情况等进行统计分析。结果 93例患者中,男37例,女56例,其中41～60岁的患者发生率为45.17%最高,体重指数(24.44±4.15)kg/m2,合并基础疾病28例,既往有药物过敏史37例; 药疹以发疹型、多形红斑型居前两位,占比分别为40.86%和27.96%,平均潜伏期(3.77±3.20)d,主要是青霉素类、头孢菌素类和硝咪唑类药物; 88例给予糖皮质激素治疗,最大起始剂量以中等剂量占59.34%为主,疾病控制时间(4.17±2.43)d,首次减量幅度为0.38±0.14,剂量调整(2.24±0.92)次,累积剂量(523.64±260.14)mg; 患者平均住院天数(7.57±3.20)d,住院总费用(3 202.92±1 550.12)元,经治疗治愈42例、好转49例。结论 本地区抗菌药物致住院药疹多见于中年人,既往药物过敏史是药物不良反应(ADR)重点监测人群,青霉素类、头孢菌素类药物是ADR重点监测药物,发疹型、多形红斑型是提示ADR发生的重要信号,药疹具有潜在的危险性,临床应用时应提高警惕,以减少药疹给患者带来的危害。
Abstract:
Objective To discuss the group characteristics,clinical features,treatment charges and disease prognosis of hospitalized patients having drug eruption caused by antibacterial drugs.Methods A statistic analysis was conducted on 93 cases of hospitalized drug eruption patients,which were caused by antibacterial dugs,in Dalian Dermatology Hospital from Jan.2015 to Jan.2018.Results There were 37 males and 56 females in the 93 cases,among whom those aged 41～60 had the highest incidence rate of 45.17%.The patients' BMI was(24.44±4.15)kg/m2.Twenty-eight cases had other underlying diseases,and 37 had drug allergy history.Eruptive and erythematous multiforme were the major types,respectively taking 40.86% and 27.9%.In average,the incubation period of the drugs that caused the eruption was(3.77±3.20)days,mainly including penicillins,cephalosporins and nitroimidazole.Glucocorticoids treatment was conducted to 88 cases.Fifty-nine point thirty-four percent of the patients received a medium dosage at the beginning and that lasted for(4.17±2.43)days.Later the dosage was reduced for the first time by 0.38±0.14,with(2.24±0.92)times of adjustment,and the accumulated dose was(523.64±260.14)mg.The average length of hospitalization was(7.57±3.20)days,with the total cost of(3202.92±1550.12)yuan.After treatment,42 cases were cured clinically and 49 cases had improvement.Conclusion In the region,the hospitalized drug eruption caused by antibacterial drugs is more common in middle-aged people.People with history of drug allergy are vulnerable to ADR,penicillin and cephalosporin drugs should be intensively monitored against ADR,and exanthematous and erythema multiforme are important signals of ADR.Drug eruption is potentially dangerous,so that vigilance should be raised in clinical application in order to reduce the harm to patients.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2020-11-16